Neotectonic Activity Assessment in a Diapiric Zone Using a Multi-Criteria Analysis- Method

The Atlas Mountain chain is known for its structural complexity. This belt is characterized by significant geological processes, making it one of the more tectonized areas in the MENA Region. Classical methods of neotectonic assessment frequently fall short in providing the precision required to analyze the intricate nature of tectonic processes. This limitation highlights the necessity for more advanced methodologies to enhance our understanding of these complexities. In this study, we assess the tectonic dynamics of the Ouenza region by integrating seven geomorphic indices: basin asymmetry, transverse topography, mountain front sinuosity, drainage basin shape, stream-length gradients, hypsometric integral, and relative tectonic uplift. To rank the watersheds according to their tectonic activity, we employed the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. This approach allows for an accurate evaluation of tectonic influences in the area. The results indicate that the hypsometric integral varies from 0.07 to 0.44, while stream-length gradient analyses range from 26.91 to 183.14, suggesting low tectonic activity in the region. In contrast, other indices reveal more significant tectonic influences: sub-basin asymmetry ranges from 16.94 to 78.15, mountain front sinuosity varies between 0.95 and 1.27, drainage basin shape spans from 1.01 to 4.98, and relative tectonic uplift measures between 1.17 and 1.44. These findings collectively suggest moderate to high tectonic activity in the area. The integrated analysis of these indices, encapsulated in a single Index of Active Tectonics (IAT), indicates that the study area is undergoing high levels of tectonic activity. The TOPSIS method has effectively prioritized the sub-watersheds, pinpointing regions of significant tectonic concern. This methodology provides a robust framework for assessing tectonic activity, thereby improving scientific understanding and facilitating practical measures for hazard mitigation and preparedness in tectonically active areas.