Polyimide/graphene nanocomposites for space applications: potential antibacterial coatings for human exploration missions

This work focuses on the development and characterization of nanocomposite coatings designed for long-term space missions, aiming to prevent bacterial adhesion while maintaining optimal physical and chemical properties. Preventing biofilm formation and bacteria proliferation on surfaces is a crucial aspect in space, since they pose serious risks to astronaut health, spacecraft durability, and mission success. Therefore, spacecraft materials must withstand space conditions while resisting bacterial colonization. The nanocomposite coatings were fabricated using a fluorinated polyimide (PI) matrix filled with different concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets (ranging from 1 to 30 wt%). The PI matrix was synthesized from aromatic diamine and dianhydride in a bio-based and non-toxic solvent, dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), following a green protocol. Several experimental techniques were used to investigate the physicochemical and morphological properties of the PI/GNP nanocomposite coatings, assessing their potential application in space environments for antibacterial purposes.