Application of the Haddon Matrix to Civil-Military Interaction in Disaster Relief Operations

Civil­Military Interaction can give a relevant contribution to humanitarian­led Disaster Relief. These operations can be analyzed by means of Military After Action Reports allowing for a continuous improvement process in terms of planning toward a more comprehensive preparedness posture in disaster response. The COVID pandemic highlighted the relevance of the topic within the field of Public Health. Globally, Armed Forces readily supported their civilian counterparts, both in national and international contexts. Collection of reliable data has always been a challenge in disaster contexts. In addition, Military data is often aggregated and subject to secrecy. By means of its “dissect and conquer” approach towards complex, unconventional problems, the Haddon Matrix is a useful analysis tool in evaluating the synergic effect of Civil­Military Interaction within the Disaster Cycle. An evaluation of efficacy can be added in the third dimension of the Matrix introducing indicators derived from Health Economics. Relevant differences can be found analyzing Civil­Military Interaction support in the context of Disaster Relief operations following a natural catastrophe or within a primary Public Health emergency. The Haddon Matrix can dissect, analyze and subsequently improve the support given by the Military in case of lack, insufficiency or destruction of health services following a disaster. Such analysis guides focused preparation efforts towards cost effective choices in terms of both appropriately trained personnel and required equipment.