BIM and digital twin in smart electrical power system: an innovative standard classification

Digital Twin has become an important tool for real time data acquisition, monitoring, and optimization of all physical elements in a digital environment. However, as the employment and field of application of Digital Twins are increasing fast, as opposed to BIM no standardized classification exists to address their functionalities and characteristics. This paper proposes an innovative classification framework based on five classes, each representing one of the main technical systems of the building and the final uses of field devices. By defining guidelines for the belonging of each system and component to one of the classes, a Digital Twin classification based on the attribution of complexity levels can be created. To each class is assigned a level representing the complexity and accuracy of each technical system within the Digital Twin and a final characterizing string can be constructed. The proposed innovative classification framework aims to guide practitioners and researchers in selecting and implementing Digital Twins aligned with their requirements, also creating a standardized approach for interdisciplinary needs.