Integration of emerging technologies in next-generation electric vehicles: Evolution, advancements, and regulatory prospects

In the era of shifting toward greener and zero-emission energy production and transportation, Electrical Vehicles (EVs) gained substantial attention worldwide owing to their potentiality of the least carbon footprints on the environment. Nowadays, climate change is considered as the principal side effects of using fossil fuels and using conventional transportation systems. Considering the replacement of conventional plants with Renewable Energy (RE), the electrification of energy consumption is one of the key elements of the energy transition, due to the variability of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), and EVs are one of the main ways to increase it. Meanwhile, limited infrastructure for charging and maintenance has made us step forward in battery management, Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMSs), and predictive maintenance for EVs to optimize energy efficiency, to have a range prediction over the distance these smart vehicles will commute. In this study, we had a comprehensive review of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Twins (DTs), and Metaverse into the EVs sector to anticipate the energy consumption behavior of electric machines and vital factors that affect their distance navigation. Having energy-related insights and also developing a road map for project owners to commence replacing traditional methods with cutting-edge optimizing technologies distinguishes this paper from other studies.