An extensive survey of the remains and a precise, detailed study of the so called Dépendance, in the Villa dei Sette Bassi in Rome, together with a careful analysis of the architectural and construction techniques adopted, has made it possible to establish the design and the architecture of the building currently isolated from the main body of the Villa, and to identify it with certainty as a a thermal complex of the second half of the 2nd century AD. The research has revealed a sequence of interventions that, over the centuries, progressively changed the structure and functions of the original construction. Built on a Republican-period burial ground, which significantly influenced its subsequent elevations, the thermae changed their appearance as new solutions and corrections to the original project were gradually made. Their subsequent transformation into an ecclesiastical building in the Early Christian period was achieved by skilfully reworking the architecture of the original premises to meet the needs of worship. The architectural context that has survived appears as a composite, diachronic palimpsest, overwritten by a whole series of interventions, clearly demonstrating a remarkable skill to plan, adapt and renovate for new functions, from both a structural point of view and from that of the architectural decoration.
meridionale della Villa dei Sette Bassi a Roma, in prossimità della via Latina, ne ha consentito una chiara definizione delle fasi di utilizzo, caratterizzate dalla trasformazione funzionale del complesso, tra il III ed il V-VI sec. d.C., da struttura balneare a luogo di culto cristiano. L’impianto, impostato su preesistenti strutture funerarie di età repubblicana, è collocabile nel corso della seconda metà del II sec. d.C., ma conseguì la sua configurazione definitiva a seguito di modifiche che, in tre fasi successive ben determinabili, alterarono progressivamente il progetto iniziale sia nell’estensione sia negli assetti distributivi interni. Dopo una fase di abbandono, presumibilmente causata da dissesti strutturali, la costruzione venne risanata e convertita in un luogo di culto cristiano occupato da un sistema di sepolture organizzato in spazi precipui. I resti di pitture e di rivestimenti marmorei, specificamente predisposti per l’utilizzo degli spazi in questa nuova chiave, uniti a una peculiare riorganizzazione dei percorsi, rivelano la notevole capacità di rielaborare vantaggiosamente articolate strutture architettoniche per nuovi scopi attraverso una revisione progettuale calibrata, benché di limitato impegno economico. Il risultato apre prospettive inedite alla ricerca sui processi di cristianizzazione in questo importante settore suburbano di Roma nell’alto medioevo.
Villa dei Sette Bassi, la cosiddetta Dépendance: dal complesso termale all’edificio paleocristiano / Amici, C. M.; Ten, A.. - In: ATTI DELLA PONTIFICIA ACCADEMIA ROMANA DI ARCHEOLOGIA. SERIE III, RENDICONTI. - ISSN 1019-9500. - 96(2025), pp. 113-152.
Villa dei Sette Bassi, la cosiddetta Dépendance: dal complesso termale all’edificio paleocristiano
A. Ten
2025
Abstract
An extensive survey of the remains and a precise, detailed study of the so called Dépendance, in the Villa dei Sette Bassi in Rome, together with a careful analysis of the architectural and construction techniques adopted, has made it possible to establish the design and the architecture of the building currently isolated from the main body of the Villa, and to identify it with certainty as a a thermal complex of the second half of the 2nd century AD. The research has revealed a sequence of interventions that, over the centuries, progressively changed the structure and functions of the original construction. Built on a Republican-period burial ground, which significantly influenced its subsequent elevations, the thermae changed their appearance as new solutions and corrections to the original project were gradually made. Their subsequent transformation into an ecclesiastical building in the Early Christian period was achieved by skilfully reworking the architecture of the original premises to meet the needs of worship. The architectural context that has survived appears as a composite, diachronic palimpsest, overwritten by a whole series of interventions, clearly demonstrating a remarkable skill to plan, adapt and renovate for new functions, from both a structural point of view and from that of the architectural decoration.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


