This comprehensive review examines the ocular vascular complications of cocaine use, focusing on its effects on retinal vasculature and inflammation. A rare case of bilateral frosted branch angiitis (FBA) in a 48-year-old man with a history of intranasal cocaine abuse is presented as an illustrative example to stimulate discussion. The case highlights severe retinal ischemia and vascular sheathing, with no identifiable infectious or autoimmune cause, ultimately complicated by systemic vascular events. Integrating this case with a review of the literature, we discuss cocaine’s vasoconstrictive and immunomodulatory effects and their role in retinal pathology, including vasculitis, vascular occlusions, hemorrhages, and optic neuropathy. Although often a diagnosis of exclusion, and with rare and poorly understood consequences, this review underscores the importance of considering cocaine abuse in the differential diagnosis of complex retinal presentations.

Retinal vascular complications in cocaine abuse: a case report and a literature review / Armentano, Marta; Alisi, Ludovico; Visioli, Giacomo; Saturno, MARIA CARMELA; Barba, Arianna; Speranzini, Alessio; Albanese, GIUSEPPE MARIA; Gharbiya, Magda; Iannetti, Ludovico. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 13:24(2024), pp. 1-14. [10.3390/jcm13247838]

Retinal vascular complications in cocaine abuse: a case report and a literature review

Armentano Marta
Primo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;
Alisi Ludovico
Secondo
Writing – Review & Editing
;
Visioli Giacomo
Writing – Review & Editing
;
Saturno Maria Carmela
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;
Barba Arianna
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;
Speranzini Alessio
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Albanese Giuseppe Maria
Methodology
;
Gharbiya Magda
Penultimo
Supervision
;
Iannetti Ludovico
Ultimo
Conceptualization
2024

Abstract

This comprehensive review examines the ocular vascular complications of cocaine use, focusing on its effects on retinal vasculature and inflammation. A rare case of bilateral frosted branch angiitis (FBA) in a 48-year-old man with a history of intranasal cocaine abuse is presented as an illustrative example to stimulate discussion. The case highlights severe retinal ischemia and vascular sheathing, with no identifiable infectious or autoimmune cause, ultimately complicated by systemic vascular events. Integrating this case with a review of the literature, we discuss cocaine’s vasoconstrictive and immunomodulatory effects and their role in retinal pathology, including vasculitis, vascular occlusions, hemorrhages, and optic neuropathy. Although often a diagnosis of exclusion, and with rare and poorly understood consequences, this review underscores the importance of considering cocaine abuse in the differential diagnosis of complex retinal presentations.
2024
cocaine abuse; retinal vasculitis; retinal ischemia; retinal hemorrhage; vascular occlusion; vitrectomy; frosted branch angiitis; ocular complications; substance abuse; retinal pathology
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01g Articolo di rassegna (Review)
Retinal vascular complications in cocaine abuse: a case report and a literature review / Armentano, Marta; Alisi, Ludovico; Visioli, Giacomo; Saturno, MARIA CARMELA; Barba, Arianna; Speranzini, Alessio; Albanese, GIUSEPPE MARIA; Gharbiya, Magda; Iannetti, Ludovico. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 13:24(2024), pp. 1-14. [10.3390/jcm13247838]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1730050
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