Inclusive university teaching to promote the study method. An evidence-based proposal that enhances the peer tutor

The paper discusses the evolution of the concept of method in education, emphasizing the importance of self-education and the active role of the learner in the educational process. It outlines the notion of study habitus, which encompasses individual actions and influences on knowledge acquisition through a combination of cognitive, strategic, and emotional factors. The relationship between study methods and individual habitus is crucial for effective learning and academic success, highlighting the need for universities to support students in developing their study skills to reduce dropout rates. Research indicates that university dropout rates, particularly after the second year, are significant, with various contributing factors, such as class attendance and the challenges faced by working students. As a solution, the authors advocate for improving the quality of university teaching and enhancing student support through structured study method training, particularly via peer tutoring. The role of peer tutors is described as essential in guiding students who face study difficulties or other challenges. Tutors are trained to support tutees by teaching effective study strategies and fostering emotional motivation, thus promoting a conducive learning environment. Effective strategies include organizing study time, planning work, and using techniques such as anticipation, summarizing, questioning, and collaborating with peers. The peer tutor program aims to create personalized study plans, monitor progress, and improve overall academic performance, ultimately enhancing student retention and success in higher education.