Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitors: an updated patent review (2021-present)

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, causing around 10 million new cases and 1.3 million deaths in 2022. The challenge is compounded by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB strains, and co-infection with HIV. Areas covered: The present review examines significant patent literature on TB chemotherapeutics from September 2021 to the present using the following databases, reaxys, google patent and espacenet. Only patents reporting compounds with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on whole Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells of ≤5 µM were selected for review. Expert opinion: The fight against TB is advancing with the development of promising new compounds due to the challenge of drug-resistant strains. Notable among those reviewed in this paper are the benzothiazinones, showing high efficacy against both drug-sensitive and resistant TB strains. Additionally, Q203 analogues, demonstrate strong antitubercular activity, good microsomal stability, and favorable safety profiles. Finally, LysRS inhibitors also show significant promise in vivo models. These advancements underscore the importance of novel targets and innovative strategies in developing effective, resistance-resistant TB treatments.