Chapter 13: What is new in fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumorsin children

Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic neoplasms represent about 12% of pediatric soft tissue tumors. Most of these neoplasmsin children are either benign or locally aggressive with rare metastasis, while malignant cases are uncommon. Diagnosingthese tumors is challenging due to overlapping morphologies and the limited utility of immunohistochemistry. Advancesin molecular techniques, especially RNA sequencing, have improved our understanding of the molecular drivers of thesetumors, leading to better classification. Key molecular alterations, such as RTK and MAPK activation, are central in thedevelopment of tumors like infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT). The identifica-tion of alternative fusions in IFS and IMT underscores the importance of an integrated diagnostic approach. Furthermore,new RTK-driven lesions, now included in the WHO’s “NTRK-rearranged mesenchymal neoplasms”, have been identified.This review provides an update on recent findings in RTK-driven myofibroblastic tumors and highlights novel entities stillin need of classification (PDF) Chapter 13: What is new in fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumors in children. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385556361_Chapter_13_What_is_new_in_fibroblasticmyofibroblastic_tumors_in_children [accessed Nov 13 2024].