Adaptive Terminal Sliding Mode and Synergetic Control for Torque Management in Electric Vehicle Powertrains

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is gaining momentum as a sustainable response to the environmental challenges posed by global warming and the depletion of finite natural resources like oil and fossil fuels. A key component in EV powertrains is the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), favored for its high efficiency, compact design, and superior power-to-weight ratio compared to traditional induction motors. Efficient torque management is critical to maximizing the performance of PMSM, particularly in addressing thermal derating challenges. This research introduces advanced nonlinear control strategies, specifically an Adaptive Terminal Sliding Mode Controller (ATSMC) and a Synergetic Controller, designed to ensure robust torque management and speed regulation of PMSMs in electrified powertrains. The proposed controllers are rigorously evaluated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations, demonstrating their ability to enhance the performance and reliability of PMSM-based EV powertrains.