Nowadays the main challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage restoration is to develop new materials or optimise existing ones, respecting the principles of compatibility, reversibility, and minimum intervention and at the same time, reducing energy consumption during production, greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact. In this context, the present study focuses on the evaluation of conservation status of the buildings in the Historic Centre of Naples, one of the largest in Europe. Archival research pays particular attention to cataloguing the state of chemical and physical degradation of the plasters present in the sites/construction sites analyzed. The main topic is the relationship between Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, a type of natural stone widespread in the region, and the corresponding recovery interventions, evaluating and interpreting their medium/long term outcomes. In recent decades, in fact, the use of cement has been extensive in the field of plaster restoration, causing often irreversible damage to our historical heritage. At the same time, there has been a great development of a new type of binders called 'geopolymers', alumina-silicate based materials, characterised by a three-dimensional cross-linked structure. What characterises and distinguishes this innovative binder from Portland cement is lower production’s temperatures and an 80% lower CO2 emission. Moreover, geopolymers can be obtained not only from raw materials, such as pozzolan and synthetic metakaolin, but also from secondary raw materials, such as industrial waste, as well as demolition waste materials. The aim of this research is to validate geopolymer based binders in Cultural Heritage restoration and conservation application by comparing laboratory preliminary results obtained with archival data and/or diagnostic analysis on collected samples. The paper has the twofold aim of analyzing the conservation status of historic buildings, with a specific focus on the lithotypes of Naples, and developing intervention techniques based on geopolymers, innovative materials compatible with the stone substrates, to promote a transition towards a sustainable and circular economy, also in cultural heritage sector.
Analysis of chemical and physical degradation phenomena of Cultural Heritage materials and the development of innovative technologies for their protection and conservation: preliminary study / Verniero, Alessia; Liguori, Barbara; Castelluccio, Roberto; Caputo, Domenico. - (2023), pp. 42-43. (Intervento presentato al convegno 5th Building and Management International Conference tenutosi a Madrid).
Analysis of chemical and physical degradation phenomena of Cultural Heritage materials and the development of innovative technologies for their protection and conservation: preliminary study
Alessia Verniero;Domenico Caputo
2023
Abstract
Nowadays the main challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage restoration is to develop new materials or optimise existing ones, respecting the principles of compatibility, reversibility, and minimum intervention and at the same time, reducing energy consumption during production, greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact. In this context, the present study focuses on the evaluation of conservation status of the buildings in the Historic Centre of Naples, one of the largest in Europe. Archival research pays particular attention to cataloguing the state of chemical and physical degradation of the plasters present in the sites/construction sites analyzed. The main topic is the relationship between Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, a type of natural stone widespread in the region, and the corresponding recovery interventions, evaluating and interpreting their medium/long term outcomes. In recent decades, in fact, the use of cement has been extensive in the field of plaster restoration, causing often irreversible damage to our historical heritage. At the same time, there has been a great development of a new type of binders called 'geopolymers', alumina-silicate based materials, characterised by a three-dimensional cross-linked structure. What characterises and distinguishes this innovative binder from Portland cement is lower production’s temperatures and an 80% lower CO2 emission. Moreover, geopolymers can be obtained not only from raw materials, such as pozzolan and synthetic metakaolin, but also from secondary raw materials, such as industrial waste, as well as demolition waste materials. The aim of this research is to validate geopolymer based binders in Cultural Heritage restoration and conservation application by comparing laboratory preliminary results obtained with archival data and/or diagnostic analysis on collected samples. The paper has the twofold aim of analyzing the conservation status of historic buildings, with a specific focus on the lithotypes of Naples, and developing intervention techniques based on geopolymers, innovative materials compatible with the stone substrates, to promote a transition towards a sustainable and circular economy, also in cultural heritage sector.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.