Closed-loop coupling of a dynamic wake model with a wind inflow estimator

The estimation of turbine flow evolution provided by low-fidelity dynamic wakemodels, such as FLORIDyn, can be improved by the introduction of a Kalman filter based onpower production measurements. However, it is not possible to infer any information aboutwhich side of an impinged rotor is affected by the wake only by the observed power, beingitself a single scalar quantity. In this paper, a new closed-loop formulation of the FLORIDynmodel is investigated: wind speed estimates, given by a blade load-based wind observer, areimplemented into a Kalman Filter, providing information about the position of the wake overthe rotor plane. The FLORIDyn model augmented with the wind flow estimator is tested in alayout of two aligned turbines and compared to a corresponding CFD simulation. The results ofthe proposed approach show an improved ability to predict wind flow quantities and the wakecenterline position compared to the open-loop version of the model.