Advanced multifunctional polymer and composite materials for future space missions: from solar sails to radiation shielding

The fabrication of advanced polymeric materials and the optimization of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, specifically for composites, have a key role in the success of future space missions. In this context, we present our latest results on advanced polymer-based materials, such as high-performing polyimides and graphene-filled composites, and on the optimization of AM for in-space fabrication. Novel polyimides are synthesized using environmentally friendly solvents, and their properties tested for the application in solar sailing (Helianthus mission, part of the Solar Photonic Propulsion research program by ASI-Sapienza University of Rome) and as antibacterial coatings. Polyethylene-based materials and polymer hydrogels with high water content are studied for radiation protection, both experimentally and numerically. Finally, we show results on the optimization of the 3D printing process of polyethylene-based composites for long-term manned missions.