Duas realidades medievais "emergentes": observações sobre as relações entre a Sé Apostólica e Portugal (século XII)

This article analyses the path that led to the concession of the bull Manifestis probatum in light of the new historiographical developments, with a particular focus on the Roman point of view, in order to understand how the Apostolic See saw the new political institution led by Afonso Henriques. The relations between the papacy and the Kingdom of Portugal are here considered as contacts between two emerging realities of the Middle Ages, all but organised and both looking for acknowledgement. This need for legitimisation can only be understood in light of the changes in the European political and ecclesiastical context, which profoundly influenced the formulas and language adopted by these realities in their documentation, especially by the papal chancery. Here, the same expressions acquired different nuances and meanings in accordance with each pontificate, without thus entailing a previously linear and organised program