Optimal initial conditions for science orbits around Ganymede

An important aspect concerning the dynamics of a probe around a natural satellite is represented by the probe lifetime. In fact, the science orbits, usually characterised by low altitude and high inclination, are subjected to an important increase in eccentricity, due to the mother planet’s gravitational attraction, which can lead the probe to collide with the surface of the natural satellite. In the present work, the issue is addressed at the Jupiter’s moon Ganymede, which represents one of most important targets in the exploration of the Solar System. Thus, taking advantage from theoretical aspects and analytical relationships concerning the evolution of the mean orbit elements of the probe, a numerical investigation aimed at determining the initial conditions of the probe orbit which allow the longest lifetime has been carried out.