From tradition to digital fabrication: safeguarding the 'Mashrabiya' craftsmanship and artisanal communities

Handmade crafts hold a cultural value worldwide. 'Mashrabiya' wooden lattice is an architectural element in the Arab world, historically used to allow air and light circulation. The craft declined in the 19th century due to shifts in the global markets, mass production, and technological advancement. It is gaining attention due to architectural trends considering sustainability, conservation, and heritage revival. Traditional artisans and modern technologies play a role in reviving crafts, and this study explores their connection. The research methodology involves desk and field research, participatory design workshops, interviews with craftsmen, and building a digital database of 'Mashrabiya' knowledge. Organizations in Morocco and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) support the study. The research involves creating block archives of 'Mashrabiya' designs and exporting patterns into a digital database for 3D printing applications. The main steps involve constructing 2D drawings, converting them to 3D models, and customizing sizes, shapes, and materials. The main challenges are understanding design software, materials, and craftsman's needs. The study aims to document patterns, structure, and materials using parametric design and adopting digital techniques. The findings are relevant to artisans, designers, educators, and organizations contributing to heritage revival, cultural continuity, and innovation by providing access to a comprehensive database of this traditional craft. The 'Mashrabiya' craft revival aligns with sustainable architecture and restoring the Arab world's heritage.