그레고리오 개혁 시기 미술 후원자와 시각예술의 재탄생: 로마 성 클레멘스 성당과 트라스테베레의 성녀 체칠리아 성당 사례를 중심으로

In the Gregorian Reform period in Rome, a renovated vitality was observed in the architecture and the visual arts, once again, lead by the papacy and high-ranking clergy. The ideology of the Church reformers was an attempt to restore the spirituality and forma Ecclesiae Romae of early Christianity based on the Gospels and the teachings of the Apostles. This impetus is echoed in the reconstruction of the early churches and monumental pictorial decorations. This paper will attempt to analyze the frescoes of the narthex and the piers of the nave of the lower church of S. Clement, presumably painted in the last two decades of the 11th century, and the lost frescoes of the porch of S. Cecilia in Trastevere, presumably painted in the early 12th century. Here, it will verify how the ideologies of Church Reform are visually embodied in the two works. In addition, it will consider the role of Pope Pascal II (1099-1118), who is often mentioned as the protagonist of the decorative programs of these two churches, the Roman art scene of the period.