Purpose: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare intellectual disability/multiple congenital anomalies syndrome caused by heterozygous mutation of the ZEB2 gene. It is generally underestimated because its rarity and phenotypic variability sometimes make it difficult to recognize. Here, we aimed to better delineate the phenotype, natural history, and genotype-phenotype correlations of MWS.Methods: In a collaborative study, we analyzed clinical data for 87 patients with molecularly confirmed diagnosis. We described the prevalence of all clinical aspects, including attainment of neuro-developmental milestones, and compared the data with the various types of underlying ZEB2 pathogenic variations.Results: All anthropometric, somatic, and behavioral features reported here outline a variable but highly consistent phenotype. By presenting the most comprehensive evaluation of MWS to date, we define its clinical evolution occurring with age and derive suggestions for patient management. Furthermore, we observe that its severity correlates with the kind of ZEB2 variation involved, ranging from ZEB2 locus deletions, associated with severe phenotypes, to rare nonmissense intragenic mutations predicted to preserve some ZEB2 protein functionality, accompanying milder clinical presentations.Conclusion: Knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of MWS and its correlation with the genotype will improve its detection rate and the prediction of its features, thus improving patient care.
Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care / Ivanovski, Ivan; Djuric, Olivera; Caraffi, Stefano Giuseppe; Santodirocco, Daniela; Pollazzon, Marzia; Rosato, Simonetta; Cordelli, Duccio Maria; Abdalla, Ebtesam; Accorsi, Patrizia; Adam, Margaret P; Ajmone, Paola Francesca; Badura-Stronka, Magdalena; Baldo, Chiara; Baldi, Maddalena; Bayat, Allan; Bigoni, Stefania; Bonvicini, Federico; Breckpot, Jeroen; Callewaert, Bert; Cocchi, Guido; Cuturilo, Goran; De Brasi, Daniele; Devriendt, Koenraad; Dinulos, Mary Beth; Hjortshøj, Tina Duelund; Epifanio, Roberta; Faravelli, Francesca; Fiumara, Agata; Formisano, Debora; Giordano, Lucio; Grasso, Marina; Grønborg, Sabine; Iodice, Alessandro; Iughetti, Lorenzo; Kuburovic, Vladimir; Kutkowska-Kazmierczak, Anna; Lacombe, Didier; Lo Rizzo, Caterina; Luchetti, Anna; Malbora, Baris; Mammi, Isabella; Mari, Francesca; Montorsi, Giulia; Moutton, Sebastien; Møller, Rikke S; Muschke, Petra; Nielsen, Jens Erik Klint; Obersztyn, Ewa; Pantaleoni, Chiara; Pellicciari, Alessandro; Pisanti, Maria Antonietta; Prpic, Igor; Poch-Olive, Maria Luisa; Raviglione, Federico; Renieri, Alessandra; Ricci, Emilia; Rivieri, Francesca; Santen, Gijs W; Savasta, Salvatore; Scarano, Gioacchino; Schanze, Ina; Selicorni, Angelo; Silengo, Margherita; Smigiel, Robert; Spaccini, Luigina; Sorge, Giovanni; Szczaluba, Krzysztof; Tarani, Luigi; Tone, Luis Gonzaga; Toutain, Annick; Trimouille, Aurelien; Valera, Elvis Terci; Vergano, Samantha Schrier; Zanotta, Nicoletta; Zenker, Martin; Conidi, Andrea; Zollino, Marcella; Rauch, Anita; Zweier, Christiane; Garavelli, Livia. - In: GENETICS IN MEDICINE. - ISSN 1530-0366. - 20:9(2018), pp. 965-975. [10.1038/gim.2017.221]
Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care
Cocchi, Guido;Luchetti, Anna;Mari, Francesca;Pellicciari, Alessandro;Tarani, Luigi;
2018
Abstract
Purpose: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare intellectual disability/multiple congenital anomalies syndrome caused by heterozygous mutation of the ZEB2 gene. It is generally underestimated because its rarity and phenotypic variability sometimes make it difficult to recognize. Here, we aimed to better delineate the phenotype, natural history, and genotype-phenotype correlations of MWS.Methods: In a collaborative study, we analyzed clinical data for 87 patients with molecularly confirmed diagnosis. We described the prevalence of all clinical aspects, including attainment of neuro-developmental milestones, and compared the data with the various types of underlying ZEB2 pathogenic variations.Results: All anthropometric, somatic, and behavioral features reported here outline a variable but highly consistent phenotype. By presenting the most comprehensive evaluation of MWS to date, we define its clinical evolution occurring with age and derive suggestions for patient management. Furthermore, we observe that its severity correlates with the kind of ZEB2 variation involved, ranging from ZEB2 locus deletions, associated with severe phenotypes, to rare nonmissense intragenic mutations predicted to preserve some ZEB2 protein functionality, accompanying milder clinical presentations.Conclusion: Knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of MWS and its correlation with the genotype will improve its detection rate and the prediction of its features, thus improving patient care.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
