Direct oral anticoagulants for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with hematologic malignancies

: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in patients with cancer due to both the proinflammatory effect of neoplastic cells and to cardiotoxicity of anti-tumor therapies. Anticoagulation is still challenging in cancer patients due to increased bleeding risk related to specific neoplasms such us hematologic malignancies. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in AF patients affected by hematologic neoplasms. We included 97 patients on active anticancer treatment. The median follow-up was 25 months (range 10-108). No thromboembolic complications occurred, while 14 bleeding events were recorded: 1 major, 12 clinical relevant non major bleeding and 1 minor bleeding. Although retrospective and with a small number of enrolled patients, our data support the efficacy and safety of DOACs in patients affected by hematologic malignancies suggesting caution to particular situations, such as thrombocytopenia.