Cold ironing and battery energy storage system in the port of Civitavecchia

Cold Ironing (CI) is increasingly becoming more practiced to reduce air pollution emissions of ships as well as technical challenges, e.g., grid limitation capacity at ports. Large Cruise Ships represent the most energy requiring ship type that a commercial port can host, powering them from shore represent so a great challenge. Port of Civitavecchia is one of the world's most visited by Cruise Ships and soon will be requiring a CI infrastructure. Cruise Ships CI may need power up to 14 MW and the port's grid can only supply a max of 6 MW coming from its most powerful Point of Delivery (POD). To avoid the installation of another substation the possibility of installing a high power and high energy ESS is researched. The aim of this paper is to determine the main characteristics of a grid-scale Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) that can be installed in the Port of Civitavecchia to power Cruise Ships CI. The port's grid will be studied with the introduction of the new BESS the existing and additional Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and its performance will be analyzed with the help of an Energy Management Simulation Software (EMSS).