HOM Damping in Multi-Cell Superconducting Cavities for the Future Electron Source BriXSinO

High order modes (HOMs) in multi-cell superconducting cavities are of particular concern in beam dynamics of linear accelerators, mainly those operating in CW mode with high current and high repetition rate. These undesired modes may invoke beam instabilities, beam breakup and increase the energy spread if not correctly pulled out and damped. The study reported in this paper is applied for damping the HOMs in the main Linac of BriXSinO, an ongoing project of an Energy Recovery Linac at LASA INFN laboratory. We developed a numerical model to study the interaction of monopole HOMs with the beam in long timescale. The presented model, named HOMEN (High Order Modes Evolution based on eNergy budget), allows the evaluation of the loss factor Kloss, crucial for evaluating the perturbing modes. At the same time, electromagnetic simulations of the standing wave multicell cavity, highlighted the dangerous modes and revealed a tolerable beam energy spread induced by HOMs. This method allows us to distinguish all dangerous modes of our interest for implementing the necessary damping mechanisms.