The development and the expression of non-binary identities in italian young adults. A qualitative study using consensual qualitative research

Aim: Research focusing on the identity development of individuals that do not identify in binary gender categories is constantly growing. The aim of this contribution is to explore the complexity of the experiences of people identifying as nonbinary, shedding light on the processes behind the development of gender identity in this population. Method: Forty nonbinary participants ranging from 19 to 36 years of age (M=27,19; SD=4,77), were administered a semi-structured interview created for this study. The interview protocol allowed to explore different aspects of the nonbinary identification process, ranging from the internal experience of gender to gender expression, including the ways of defining themselves through language (e.g., use of pronouns and labels), across time and in different contexts. Results: Using the Consensual Qualitative Research method, several themes emerged: expression of gender nonconformity in childhood; relationship between sexual orientation and gender identity; achievement of self-awareness and self-definition. Conclusions: In a society rooted in a binary gender system nonbinary people face complex challenges, using multiple strategies to negotiate and express their identity. Identifying these experiences is key to improve the clinical practice.