A new concept of a thermal network for energy resilience in mountain communities powered by renewable sources

Currently, the technology of the Combined Heat–Power provides about 56% of the heat supply to District Heating in Europe. Many applications of the biomass cogenerators plant/district heating networks were developed, often improving the electrical energy efficiency supply. However, there has been no discussion about a comprehensive approach for developing a thermal network (both thermal and electrical energy supply) provided by the connection of more biomass CHPs-based DHs systems, guaranteeing the energy resilience of local communities. Two resilient energy system configurations were considered increasing the size of the energy systems components. Moving to the results, Case A (oversizing of the cogenerators plants) produces a major amount of electricity (8281 MWh/year of Case A compared to 6625 MWh/year of Case B) that can be sold to companies; however, the energy production of Case B (oversizing of both cogenerators and boilers plants) is well balanced with the mountain village’s needs. The Pay Back Period (4.39 years) and Profitability Index (4.88%) of Case B were also significantly better than those in Case A. This study gives, therefore, a relevant contribution to the definition of a new thermal network adaptable to different environments.