Adaptive places. Achieving resilience, by facing risks

Multiple kinds of crisis more and more occur simultaneously, making difficult to resolve challenging urban conditions as different risks are overlapped and involve social, economic, environmental, health and liveable topics. Furthermore, any place is different and has its peculiarities with respect to material and immaterial characteristics and, for this reason, has different times and modalities to face crisis. In line with this concept, risks are also different among them and e.g. resilience to environmental risk is different from resilience to economic one. To achieve a sustainable adaptation and regeneration of the places affected by multiple risks it is important to study the questions by many points of view and using suitable urban methods. Starting from these premises, aims of this study, carried out in the framework of the "PRIN2020 20209F3A37" research project, within the ISMed-CNR Unit with the author's responsibility, include the following. First, to define and identify what are the kinds of risk and the main kinds of overlapping among them in sites. The identification of risks requires an accurate analysis of places, while the possible overlapping could require a certain degree of uncertainty, being difficult priorly know the periods in which the different crises will occur. Second, to identify what are the main places which are - or could be - subjected at multiples risks. Main places include: historic places in poor state of maintenance; historic places with mass tourism; public spaces; places interested by earthquake or other environmental disasters; and places characterized by isolation for many reasons. Third, to propose an original and ad hoc method to comprehend what are the better and sustainable solutions in terms of adaptation and regeneration of different kinds of places interested by multiple crisis. The observation concerning the method also in relation to the mentioned topics will complete the paper.