Cercopithifilaria bainae in Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks from dogs in Brazil

Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) ticks act as intermediate host for a range of canine vector-borne pathogens, including nematodes ranked in the genus Cercopithifilaria. Though being the object of several studies in the last years, information on the distribution of these parasites is still lacking. In this study, the occurrence of Cercopithifilaria spp. was investigated in on-host population of R. sanguineus s.l. collected from naturally infested dogs. Ticks (n = 1906, including one larva, 294 nymphs and 1611 adults) were sampled on domestic dogs (n = 155) living in the municipality of Garanhuns (northeastern Brazil). Tick collections (n = 36) were performed every 8 days, from October 2015 to June 2016. Filarioid larvae detected at tick dissection were morphologically and morphometrically identified at species level. At the end of the study, only R. sanguineus s.l. ticks were collected, with the highest number in January 2016 (n = 254) and the lowest in June 2016 (n = 26). Out of 1906 dissected ticks, 2.68% (51/1906) harboured Cercopithifilaria bainae larvae, whose identification was molecularly confirmed, with a nucleotide identity of 99% with C. bainae. Data here reported indicate that, in the study area, R. sanguineus s.l. is the predominant tick infesting domestic dogs. Accordingly, these animals are at a high risk of C. bainae infection.