A rapid and specific loop mediated isothermal amplification molecular detection method; current and future perspective

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification is a novel nucleic acid amplification method that relies on an auto-cycling strand displacement DNA synthesis, which is performed by Bst DNA polymerase. LAMP is a rapid and simple detection technique that can be used to diagnose several micro-organisms, including bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi. It is a promising diagnostic and detection tool that could provide the results rapidly, and with high analytic sensitivity and specificity without the use of specialized instrumentation. Many researches and review articles have been published since the LAMP assay was established. However, there is lack of comprehensive review to cover LAMP primer design, mechanisms of amplification, detection methods, and applications together. This impeded and relegated its application for numerous types ofdisease diagnosis as a point care device. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on how LAMP assay can be designed, carried out starting from primer design to detection of the result, as well as the current approaches for diagnosis of COVID 19 pandemic; in comparison to commend nucleic acid amplification methods and immunological assay. This review exhibits how can be rapid and specific molecular diagnostic assay exploited for viral and bacterial disease detection with in resource limited area