Knowledge and attitudes between nurses, midwives and students about voluntary termination of pregnancy. A scoping review of the literature

Background: Voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) is influenced by ethical convictions, religious orientations and knowledge of the law. The latter is essential for students to be improved in University curricula, in order to develop attitudes among future nurses and midwives with the objective to reduce stigma and reluctance in providing VTP. Previous research has shown that nursing and midwifery students' attitudes and knowledge can be improved. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe literature regarding knowledge and perception about abortion and voluntary termination of pregnancy in several countries of the world among nurses, midwives and university students. Methods: This is a scoping review of the literature conducted by following the recommendations of the PRISMA-ScR Statement. The authors selected studies in MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Academic Search Index, Science Citation Index and ERIC, published in English and Italian in the last decade. Quality assessment was performed using the Jadad scale. Results: Initially, 434 studies were selected. A total of 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The articles included in the scoping review deal with the issue of abortion from different perspectives. From the analysis it emerged that the barriers for VTP are the lack or inadequate knowledge of the legislation and of the practical / technical phases of the procedure. Conclusions: Health professionals and students have different perspectives and attitudes toward VTP. Nurses and midwives have inadequate knowledge of procedures and legislation. Therefore, it is recommended to implement university curricula on the topic.