Post-mastectomy immediate breast reconstruction and adjuvant radiotherapy. long term results of a mono institutional experience

Introduction: The aim of this paper is to investigate the outcome of patients treated with mastectomy, immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) and post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) and the risk of late complications. Material and method: All patients had post-mastectomy, immediate reconstructive surgical procedure by using autologous abdominal implant; tissue expander (TE)/permanent prosthesis (PP); or even combined procedures. Adjuvant external beam radiotherapy treatment (EBRT) was delivered to the reconstructed chest wall and supraclavicular nodes, for a total dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions. The Kaplan-Meyer analysis evaluates patients’ rate of late side effects, Overall Survival (OS), Progression Free survival (PFS), Local–regional free survival (LRFS) and Metastasis Free Survival (MFS). The univariate analysis investigates the correlation between late toxicity and related factors. Results: Between November 2003 and October 2016, 91 breast cancer patients were treated with IBR and PMRT. Twenty-three (25.3%) patients experimented late toxicity. Overall, 16 (17.6%) patients experienced late complications which required a surgical approach. The 1- 2- 5- years late toxicity rates were 96.6%, 87.1% and 77.9%, respectively. The type of reconstruction was not statistically related with late toxicity rate (P = 0.35). The median follow-up period was 59 months (range 6–142 months). Median OS was not reached, the 1- 2- 5-years OS rates were 100%, 95.4% and 81% respectively. Conclusion: This study underlines that the type of reconstruction does not influence late toxicity rate. Moreover, IBR followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, has showed acceptable late toxicity profile and no influence on OS.