Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) do not manifest homogeneous clinical symptoms. Various studies described both cognitive impairments and psychiatric disorders among people with AUD. This disorder is one of the most frequent mental disorders in developed countries, due to excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohol is toxic as it increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause dependence. This causes negative effects on brain development and cognitive functions that affect the individual's work, health, and social life. Current pharmacology treatment for alcohol addiction is based on direct action against the neurotransmitters involved in alcohol dependence. AUD patients without comorbid psychiatric disorders or severe cognitive deficits are defined as "pure alcoholics". To date, poor is known about effective treatments for this typology of AUD patients. Psychotherapy is largely used in resolving many psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are two psychotherapies used to achieve and maintain abstinence in patients affected by substance use disorders. This short review aims to describe two CBT and MET and to present the advantages and disadvantages of these two psychotherapies in the treatment of AUD.
I pazienti con disturbo da uso di alcol (AUD) non manifestano sintomi clinici omogenei. Vari studi hanno descritto sia i disturbi cognitivi che i disturbi psichiatrici tra le persone con AUD. Questo è uno dei disturbi mentali più frequenti nei paesi sviluppati, a causa del consumo eccessivo di alcol. L’alcol è tossico in quanto aumenta la produzione di specie reattive dell’ossigeno (ROS) e può causare dipendenza. Ciò provoca effetti negativi sullo sviluppo del cervello e sulle funzioni cognitive che influenzano il lavoro, la salute e la vita sociale dell’individuo. L’attuale trattamento farmacologico per la dipendenza da alcol si basa sull’azione diretta contro neurotrasmettitori coinvolti nella dipendenza da alcol. I pazienti AUD senza disturbi psichiatrici in comorbilità o deficit cognitivi gravi sono definiti “alcolisti puri”. A oggi, si conosce poco sui trattamenti efficaci per questa tipologia di pazienti con AUD. La psicoterapia è ampiamente utilizzata per risolvere molti disturbi psichiatrici, compresi i disturbi da uso di sostanze. La terapia di potenziamento motivazionale (MET) e la terapia cognitivo-comportamentale (CBT) sono due psicoterapie utilizzate per raggiungere e mantenere l’astinenza nei pazienti affetti da disturbi da uso di sostanze. Questa breve rassegna si propone di descrivere due CBT e MET e di presentare i vantaggi e gli svantaggi di queste due psicoterapie nel trattamento dell’AUD.
Behavioral dysregulations by chronic alcohol abuse. Motivational enhancement therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes / Ceci, F. M.; Francati, S.; Ferraguti, G.; Coriale, G.; Ciccarelli, R.; Minni, A.; Greco, A.; Musacchio, A.; De Persis, S.; Vitali, M.; Tarani, L.; Ceccanti, M.; Messina, M. P.; Fico, E.; Rosso, P.; Fiore, M.. - In: RIVISTA DI PSICHIATRIA. - ISSN 2038-2502. - 57:1(2022), pp. 1-9. [10.1708/3749.37321]
Behavioral dysregulations by chronic alcohol abuse. Motivational enhancement therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes
Ceci F. M.Primo
;Francati S.Secondo
;Ferraguti G.;Coriale G.;Ciccarelli R.;Minni A.;Greco A.;Musacchio A.;Tarani L.;Ceccanti M.;Messina M. P.;Fico E.;
2022
Abstract
Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) do not manifest homogeneous clinical symptoms. Various studies described both cognitive impairments and psychiatric disorders among people with AUD. This disorder is one of the most frequent mental disorders in developed countries, due to excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohol is toxic as it increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause dependence. This causes negative effects on brain development and cognitive functions that affect the individual's work, health, and social life. Current pharmacology treatment for alcohol addiction is based on direct action against the neurotransmitters involved in alcohol dependence. AUD patients without comorbid psychiatric disorders or severe cognitive deficits are defined as "pure alcoholics". To date, poor is known about effective treatments for this typology of AUD patients. Psychotherapy is largely used in resolving many psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are two psychotherapies used to achieve and maintain abstinence in patients affected by substance use disorders. This short review aims to describe two CBT and MET and to present the advantages and disadvantages of these two psychotherapies in the treatment of AUD.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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