Landscape conflicts and the making of contemporary European societies: a dialogue with Olaf Kühne

This article reflectson the ways “landscape conflicts” are likely to shape contemporary European societies. Based on an interview with Olaf Kühne, a German geographer with a strong backgroundin sociology, the article first outlines the underlying theoretical framework, drawing on social constructivism and Dahrendorf’s conflict theory. The load-bearing axis is the idea that landscape is a social construction and, as such, constitutes a source of conflict.Conflicts basically revolve around an emerging “environmental dilemma” concerning the ostensible necessity of choosing between the energy transition and landscape conservation.However, these should be seen as “productive” conflictsin that they serve to foster social progress. The authors then reflect on the role nation-states and the European Union play in enactingregulation as part of landscape governance.