Is One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass with a Biliopancreatic Limb of 150 cm Effective in the Treatment of People with Severe Obesity with BMI > 50?

Purpose: The treatment of people with severe obesity and BMI > 50 kg/m2 is challenging. The present study aims to evaluate the short and mid-term outcomes of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) with a biliopancreatic limb of 150 cm as a primary bariatric procedure to treat those people in a referral center for bariatric surgery. Material and Methods: Data of patients who underwent OAGB for severe obesity with BMI > 50 kg/m2 between 2010 and 2017 were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Follow-up comprised clinical and biochemical assessment at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postoperatively, and once a year thereafter. Results: Overall, 245 patients underwent OAGB. Postoperative mortality was null, and early morbidity was observed in 14 (5.7%) patients. At 24 months, the percentage total weight loss (%TWL) was 43.2 ± 9, and percentage excess weight loss (%EWL) was 80 ± 15.7 (184 patients). At 60 months, %TWL was 41.9 ± 10.2, and %EWL was 78.1 ± 18.3 (79 patients). Conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was needed in three (1.2%) patients for reflux resistant to medical treatment. Six patients (2.4%) had reoperation for an internal hernia during follow-up. Anastomotic ulcers occurred in three (1.2%) patients. Only two patients (0.8%) underwent a second bariatric surgery for insufficient weight loss. Conclusion: OAGB with a biliopancreatic limb of 150 cm is feasible and associated with sustained weight loss in the treatment of severe obesity with BMI > 50 kg/m2. Further randomized studies are needed to compare OAGB with other bariatric procedures in this setting.