Background: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. Methods: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARSCoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models. Results: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P ¼ 0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas. Conclusion: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas.

Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic / Prucher, GIAN MARCO; Bartolucci, P; Brachini, G; Bruzzaniti, P; Chiappini, A; Chiarella, V; Ciccarone, F; Cicerchia, Pm; Cirillo, B; De Toma, G; Di bartolomeo, A; Fiori, E; Fonsi, Gb; Franco, G; Frati, A; Giugliano, M; Iannone, I; La Torre, F; Lapolla, P; Leonardo, C; Marruzzo, G; Meneghini, S; Mingoli, A; Ribuffo, D; Salvati, M; Santoro, A; Sapienza, P; Scafa, Ak; Simonelli, L; Zambon, M; Covidsurg, Collaborative; Familiari, P; Gallo, G; Bambina, F; Picotti, V. - In: BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY. - ISSN 0007-1323. - 108:1(2021), pp. 88-96. [10.1093/bjs/znaa051]

Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Prucher Gian Marco;Bartolucci P;Brachini G;Bruzzaniti P;Chiappini A;Chiarella V;Ciccarone F;Cicerchia PM;Cirillo B;De Toma G;Di bartolomeo A;Fiori E;Fonsi GB;Franco G;Frati A;Giugliano M;Iannone I;La Torre F;Lapolla P;Leonardo C;Marruzzo G;Meneghini S;Mingoli A;Ribuffo D;Salvati M;Santoro A;Sapienza P;Scafa AK;Simonelli L;Zambon M;Familiari P
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Gallo G
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Bambina F
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Picotti V
2021

Abstract

Background: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. Methods: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARSCoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models. Results: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P ¼ 0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas. Conclusion: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas.
2021
aged; aged, 80 and over; COVID-19; elective surgical procedures; female; humans; lung diseases; male; middle aged; Nasopharynx; neoplasms; pandemics; postoperative complications; risk assessment; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 nucleic acid testing
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01a Articolo in rivista
Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic / Prucher, GIAN MARCO; Bartolucci, P; Brachini, G; Bruzzaniti, P; Chiappini, A; Chiarella, V; Ciccarone, F; Cicerchia, Pm; Cirillo, B; De Toma, G; Di bartolomeo, A; Fiori, E; Fonsi, Gb; Franco, G; Frati, A; Giugliano, M; Iannone, I; La Torre, F; Lapolla, P; Leonardo, C; Marruzzo, G; Meneghini, S; Mingoli, A; Ribuffo, D; Salvati, M; Santoro, A; Sapienza, P; Scafa, Ak; Simonelli, L; Zambon, M; Covidsurg, Collaborative; Familiari, P; Gallo, G; Bambina, F; Picotti, V. - In: BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY. - ISSN 0007-1323. - 108:1(2021), pp. 88-96. [10.1093/bjs/znaa051]
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