G Factor Injection and Activation into the Enterprise System in a Management Pioneer Vision. The Paccess' Way for the Governance of Complex Organizations

Introduction: This paper examines, through a biographical approach, the practical activities and overall theoretical corpus of Pacces, an Italian technician and pre-cursor of managerial economy and culture, focusing on his formula for governing the 1970s ‘macro-enterprises’, a complex organization’s emblem. The article then, through a long period of empirical research, investigates the applicability of this ‘recipe’ to large modern companies. Aims of the work: This Article has three objectives: a) to fill a cognitive gap within the existing literature; b) to show, putting on an organizational lens, how some of Pacces’ ideas were not only exceptional for his time but still current - confirming his extraordinary vision - and harbingers of important implications for the managerial world; and c) to be a starting point for subsequent studies, stimulating intellectual debate and research proliferation. Methodological approach: Consists of two techniques: 1) analysis and critical examination of the Pacces’ opera omnia, with a focus on organizational theory; 2) empirical analysis, over a decade, on the applicability of the conceptual system to homogeneous companies (to those studied by the Author), conducted with qualitative techniques, mainly participant observation and semi-structured interviews with Senior Management. Main findings: The study adds a unique contribution to the knowledge of the Author’s organizational thinking. The empirical research shows, moreover, how his intuitions are extraordinary and highly topical but remain rarely applied by the Italian Companies. Originality: Originality therefore lies in the organizational focus, never used before in the Professor’s study, and in the long managerial applicability test of the theoretical-practical corpus. Tools, not only conceptual, indicated by the Theorist to improve organizational practices could be used by management in a continuous improvement perspective