Per un atlante grafico toscano. Il territorio pisano,1241-1325

The Codex project cataloged, in twenty years of activity, over 4000 manuscripts preserved in Tuscan locations. The analysis of the collected material (see «Codex Studies» nr. 2, 2018) made it possible to identify a useful period (13th - 14th centuries) and a favorable territory (Pisa) to start attempting a reconstruction of the written culture in Tuscany. This paper offers the results of a graphical analysis carried out on 17 manuscripts from Pisa, or ascribable to the Pisan environment, produced in the time span between the second half of the thirteenth century and the first decades of the fourteenth century. The aim of this work has been to understand whether the study and the systematical comparison of the scripts could allow to identify the actual existence of executive constants attributable to the Pisan area. The methodology used involved a static and a dynamic analysis of the writing. The study of the static aspects – or paradigmatic analysis – provided for: the evaluation of the shape of some letters considered significant; the quantification of the variants and the definition of the ductus. The study of the dynamic aspects – or syntagmatic analysis - has instead focused on the analysis of the phenomena that govern the succession of adjacent letters: the presence or not of “biting bows”; the use of round r after letters which have a bow as final stroke – b, d round, h, o, p –; the simplification of the attack strokes; the closing on the next letter of the concave letters on the right. Although there is no doubt that it is necessary to do a comparative study on a greater number of witnesses, it is important to highlight that this study has brought out some homogeneous elements and phenomena between the different hands which have to be carefully considered.