Arthrogenic human synovial cysts: immunohistochemical profile of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α

Synovial cysts are currently classified as degenerative lesions affecting the joint capsule or adjacent structures. In our study we describe the results obtained in an immunohistochemical study comprising 18 patients with synovial cysts, performed to evaluate the pathophysiological role of some inflammatory cytokines such as: IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Results showed an over-expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL which appears to be involved in the onset and progression of the disease. At the present time it is not possible to affirm that these molecules play a direct role also due to the absence of further and more specific investigations. The authors therefore hypothesize that inhibition of inflammation may have a significant role in the pathogenesis and regression of synovial cysts. Hence, these inflammatory cytokines may be considered potential therapeutic targets. The development of synthetic inhibitors of these inflammatory factors could lead to a reduction in the intensity of inflammation, thus inhibiting the onset and development of the disease.