First report of Sus strozzii (Suidae, Mammalia) from the Early Pleistocene of Hungary (Dunaalmás) and species distinction based on deciduous teeth

Herein we describe a fragment of a mandible with a deciduous fourth premolar (dp4) from the Early Pleistocene locality of Dunaalmás, representing the first confirmed report of Sus strozzii from Hungary. The comparison of dp4 measurements supports a statistically significant distinction between S. strozzii and Sus scrofa. The two species overlap in time during the late Early Pleistocene of Europe (Epivillafranchian), but suid remains of this time-span are seldom classified at a species level. The correct taxonomic identification of the Epivillafranchian suids, which are often associated with evidences of hominin presence, is of great palaeoenvironmental value because S. scrofa and S. strozzii possess different ecological requirements.