The nature of hot gas in galaxy clusters: exploring the chemical and dynamical properties of the intracluster medium

In this Thesis I focus on the chemical enrichment of galaxy clusters by tracing the evolution of iron in the intracluster medium (ICM) through high-angular resolution X-ray observations from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The detailed search and modelization of the emission lines of iron also allow me to perform dynamical studies of the ICM by measuring its velocity through the accurate position of the line centroid in X-ray spectra extracted from different regions. Eventually, the chemical, thermodynamical and dynamical properties of the ICM investigated in this work can be put together in a unique framework in the context of the cosmological evolution of galaxy clusters.