L’eresia originaria e le sue alterazioni. II. Definizione giovannea e dispositivo dialettico di un’idea cristiana

The essay is dedicated to defending the historical-interpretative centrality of the category of heresy, returned as characterized by an apocalyptic device and considered indispensable for a rigorous critical and nonconfessional investigation of Christian origins, although the term is rarely attested in the first century. Alongside the traditional, dogmatic-confessional (and Johannine) notion of heresy, another definition of heresy is proposed, dynamic and relative, assumed in a historical-critical sense as a kerygmatic claim, which is moving away, to a more or less radical extent, from the source Jewish, which indelibly marks the identity of the inalienable reference of any Christian claim: the heretical Jew Jesus of Nazareth. Being born as a polymorphic Jewish heresy, Christianity is therefore affirmed as a new religious system through the proto-Catholic balance between fidelity to its heretical origin of waste and condemnation of Christian interpretations too remote from the Jewish matrix.