Wrinkling analysis for small solar-photon sails: an experimental and analytic approach for trajectory design

A good model of solar-radiation pressure induced thrust is one of the key points in sailcraft trajectory design. The sail membrane’s local topographic deformations, i.e. wrinkles and creases, are among the main aspects that such a model should include. We have analyzed the influence of wrinkles/creases, as a whole, by measuring the related deformations on small samples of sail membrane, 2.5 lm thick, consisting of CP1 and physical-vapor-deposition Aluminum. Experimental outcomes from our laboratory facility have been processed, statistically investigated, and inserted into the lightness vector formalism. We have used such formalism for accurate sailcraft trajectory computation via a non-ideal reflection sail thrust model. Finally, we computed the deviations of wrinkled-sail sailcraft final orbital states with respect to the no-wrinkle sail final orbital ones for a circular to circular 2D inward transfer. The radii of the orbits are 1 AU and the semi-major axis of Mercury, respectively. It appears that sail wrinkles and creases are no longer negligible in the sailcraft trajectory design.