In the history of Gamal ‘Abd al-Nasser (starting from the military putsch abolishing the Monarchy and affirming the Republic in 1952), public and private identity are strictly inter- woven. The author of this article wish to reconstitute the process of affirmation of the ra’@ ıs as living personification of the popular will through and by the analysis of the seizure of an absolute power stages’ into his hands. The Nasser’s affirmation looks not only as a purely political and rational event: it is connected, indeed, to a complex process of identification with and by the popular masses, based on a progressive dramatization through the means of communications of the President’ affirmation strategy, and, also, on the more and more emotional participation of the ‘people’ to the power’s decisions and to the dreadful events of the Egyptian history during the last century’s Fifties and Sixties. The tie increasingly holding Nasser and his people is also investigated through some of the stages of his personal making and the influence of some personages particularly important in the first period of his life; or, in other periods, of some of his close friends, and in the meantime allies, in his national and Pan-arab politics. The coptic Patriarch Cyrillus VI constitute, in this field, a particular case, who played an important part in the ra’@ıs’ religious politics, answering for the loyalty of the ancient christian community of the country even in the most difficult moments: e.g., after the Six Days’ War. Nasser’s image and slogans are still frequently present in the popular protest demonstra- tions against the governments who followed his death: examples of a desacralizing sanctification originated after his disappearance, creating a myth.

Gamal 'Abd al-Nasser tra mito pubblico ed identità privata / Melcangi, A. - In: AFRICA. - ISSN 0001-9747. - LXII, 3:(2007), pp. 329-359.

Gamal 'Abd al-Nasser tra mito pubblico ed identità privata

MELCANGI A
2007

Abstract

In the history of Gamal ‘Abd al-Nasser (starting from the military putsch abolishing the Monarchy and affirming the Republic in 1952), public and private identity are strictly inter- woven. The author of this article wish to reconstitute the process of affirmation of the ra’@ ıs as living personification of the popular will through and by the analysis of the seizure of an absolute power stages’ into his hands. The Nasser’s affirmation looks not only as a purely political and rational event: it is connected, indeed, to a complex process of identification with and by the popular masses, based on a progressive dramatization through the means of communications of the President’ affirmation strategy, and, also, on the more and more emotional participation of the ‘people’ to the power’s decisions and to the dreadful events of the Egyptian history during the last century’s Fifties and Sixties. The tie increasingly holding Nasser and his people is also investigated through some of the stages of his personal making and the influence of some personages particularly important in the first period of his life; or, in other periods, of some of his close friends, and in the meantime allies, in his national and Pan-arab politics. The coptic Patriarch Cyrillus VI constitute, in this field, a particular case, who played an important part in the ra’@ıs’ religious politics, answering for the loyalty of the ancient christian community of the country even in the most difficult moments: e.g., after the Six Days’ War. Nasser’s image and slogans are still frequently present in the popular protest demonstra- tions against the governments who followed his death: examples of a desacralizing sanctification originated after his disappearance, creating a myth.
2007
Le personnage publique et le personnage privé sont strictement liés dans l’histoire de Gamal ‘Abd al-Nasser depuis le coup d’état qui en 1952 porta à l’abolition de la monarchie et à la proclamation de la république. L’auteur de cet article se propose de reconstituer le processus d’affirmation de la figure du ra’@ıs en tant que personnification vivante de la volonté du peuple égyptien à travers l’analyse des étapes de la prise du pouvoir absolu entre ses mains. L’affirmation du personnage n’apparaît pas seulement comme un fait purement politique et rationnel, liée comme elle est à un processus complexe qui relève d’un rapport avec les masses populaires basé sur la progressive dramatisation médiatique de la stratégie d’affirmation du président et sur la participation de plus en plus émotive du ‘peuple’ aux décisions du pouvoir et aux événements tragiques qui ponctuent l’histoire de l’Égypte au cours des années ’50 et ’60 du siècle passé. Le lien qui se constitue et se serre graduellement entre Nasser et son peuple est analysé à travers les étapes de sa formation personnelle, ainsi qu’à travers l’influence de quelques personalités qui le marquèrent particulièrement dans la première période de sa vie ou qui, plus tard, devinrent en même temps les alliés de sa politique nationale et panarabe et ses amis personnels. Un cas particulier, à ce propos, est constitué par le patriarche copte Cyrille VI, qui joua un rôle important dans la politique religieuse du ra’@ıs et qui fut le garant de la léalité de l’ancienne communauté chrétienne du pays même dans les moments les plus difficiles : parmi autres, après la guerre des Six jours. Encore aujourd’hui l’image de Nasser et ses slogans sont souvent présents dans les manifestations populaires hostiles à la politique des gouvernements qui ont suivis sa mort : éléments d’une sanctification désacralisante qui s’est mise en place après sa disparition et qui a porté à la création de son myte.
Gamal 'Abd al-Nasser; Egitto; Politica
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Gamal 'Abd al-Nasser tra mito pubblico ed identità privata / Melcangi, A. - In: AFRICA. - ISSN 0001-9747. - LXII, 3:(2007), pp. 329-359.
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