P27kip1 at the crossroad between actin and microtubule dynamics

The p27 kip1 protein, mainly known as a negative regulator of cell proliferation, has also been involved in the control of other cellular processes, including the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics. Notably, these two functions involve distinct protein domains, residing in the N- and C-terminal halves, respectively. In the last two decades, p27 kip1 has been reported to interact with microtubule and acto-myosin cytoskeletons, both in direct and indirect ways, overall drawing a picture in which several factors play their role either in synergy or in contrast one with another. As a result, the role of p27 kip1 in cytoskeleton dynamics has been implicated in cell migration, both in physiologic and in neoplastic contexts, modulating cytokinesis, lipid raft trafficking, and neuronal development. Recently, two distinct papers have further reported a central role for p27 kip1 in the control of microtubule stability and post-translational modifications, dissecting the interaction between p27 kip1 and α-tubulin-acetyl-transferase (α-TAT), an enzyme involved in the stability of microtubules, and protein-regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1), a nuclear regulator of the central spindle during mitosis. In light of these recent evidences, we will comment on the role of p27 kip1 on cytoskeleton regulation and its implication for cancer progression.