Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology for the production of high quality bio- crude. Aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the addition of iron powder into the HTL process of oak wood biomass. Fe in HTL conditions should be oxidized by water into Fe 3 O 4 producing H 2 in situ which is responsible for the increase of bio-crude yield. Furthermore, the presence of Fe contributes to enhance bio-crude quality due to the presence of Fe 3 O 4 which is recognized to have catalytic activity in hydrogenation reactions. Tests in presence of oxides containing Fe in higher oxidation number such as Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 2 O 3 were performed. The tests were conducted with water to biomass ratio of 5, in a range of temperature of 260–320 °C, the reaction time was set to 15 min and the catalysts were added in an amount of 10% with respect to the biomass weight. Highest bio-crude yields of about 40% were reached using zerovalent Fe. Tests performed in presence of Fe 3 O 4 gave intermediate behaviour while no improvements were registered adding Fe 2 O 3 . These results confirmed the positive dual effect of Fe addition. In fact, the H/C ratio in the bio-oil increases of about 15% with respect to the reaction conducted without iron-based compounds and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry analyses showed that the presence of aliphatic compounds is improved.
Enhanced bio-crude yield and quality by reductive hydrothermal liquefaction of oak wood biomass. Effect of iron addition / DE CAPRARIIS, Benedetta; Bavasso, Irene; Bracciale, MARIA PAOLA; Damizia, Martina; DE FILIPPIS, Paolo; Scarsella, Marco. - In: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS. - ISSN 0165-2370. - 139:(2019), pp. 123-130. [10.1016/j.jaap.2019.01.017]
Enhanced bio-crude yield and quality by reductive hydrothermal liquefaction of oak wood biomass. Effect of iron addition
Benedetta de CaprariisPrimo
;Irene BavassoSecondo
;Maria Paola Bracciale;DAMIZIA, MARTINA;Paolo De FilippisPenultimo
;Marco ScarsellaUltimo
2019
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology for the production of high quality bio- crude. Aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the addition of iron powder into the HTL process of oak wood biomass. Fe in HTL conditions should be oxidized by water into Fe 3 O 4 producing H 2 in situ which is responsible for the increase of bio-crude yield. Furthermore, the presence of Fe contributes to enhance bio-crude quality due to the presence of Fe 3 O 4 which is recognized to have catalytic activity in hydrogenation reactions. Tests in presence of oxides containing Fe in higher oxidation number such as Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 2 O 3 were performed. The tests were conducted with water to biomass ratio of 5, in a range of temperature of 260–320 °C, the reaction time was set to 15 min and the catalysts were added in an amount of 10% with respect to the biomass weight. Highest bio-crude yields of about 40% were reached using zerovalent Fe. Tests performed in presence of Fe 3 O 4 gave intermediate behaviour while no improvements were registered adding Fe 2 O 3 . These results confirmed the positive dual effect of Fe addition. In fact, the H/C ratio in the bio-oil increases of about 15% with respect to the reaction conducted without iron-based compounds and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry analyses showed that the presence of aliphatic compounds is improved.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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