This article examines the significance of the last plays in the context of Shakespeare's oeuvre, touching on the character of the fool in Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest. Far from suggesting a retereat into fantasy and magic maintained by past criticism, it is argued that they engage instead in a search for a new form for modernity, implicitly inserted in a debate on the revision of the canonical dramatic forms that had already been going on in sixteenth century Italy. The search for a new dramatic form is also traced to the difficulty both of the definition of the of the plays in the group (a problem further related to that of authorship), and of an agreement on a common label to define their peculiar character: a difference in the canon is highlighted from the Folio (which includes Cymbeline and Timon of Athens, placed in the group of the “Tragedies”, while The Tempest and The Winter’s Tale are placed in the group of the “Comedies”,) and the generally accepted modern canon, which accepts Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest; Complementarily, grouping labels include “Tragicomedies”, “Romances”, “Last comedies”, “Last plays”. The role of the fool in these plays is, on the one side, tailored on the actorial talents of Robert Armin (who substitutes William Kempe); on the other, it signals a distance from the tragic fool (King Lear) in that the satiric target is not the monarch, but rather the popular/bourgeois folk.
Si esaminiamo gli ultimi plays di Shakespeare nel contesto della opera dello scrittore elisabettiano, con riferimento specifico al ruolo del fool in Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest. Non drammi di evasione fantastica e magica o di rinuncia, come a volte la critica ha suggerito, ma drammi della ricerca di una nuova forma per la modernità, secondo l'interpretazione di una critica più recente, questi plays si inseriscono implicitamente nel dibattito sulla revisione delle forme drammatiche canoniche sviluppatosi nella cultura italiana del Cinquecento. La ricerca di una nuova forma drammatica è sottolineata dalla difficoltà e incertezza sia per quanto riguarda la composizione del gruppo (problema peraltro collegato a quello della authorship) sia per quanto riguarda l'accordo su un'etichetta specifica che possa sintetizzarne le caratteristiche: si sottolinea così la discrepanza tra il Folio (che include Cymbeline e Timon of Athens nelle “Tragedies”, mentre The Tempest and The Winter’s Tale sono in “Comedies”), e il canone moderno, che include Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest; e che, etichette descrittive variano(con pro e contro), da “Tragicomedies” a “Romances”, da “Last comedies”, a “Last plays”. Il ruolo del fool nei Romances è da ricondurre in parte alle caratteritiche attoriali di R. Armin (che sostituisce W. Kempe); dall'altro mostra le differenze dal fool tragico di Lear, poiché il bersaglio della sua ironia non è il monarca quanto piuttosto la classe medio-bassa.
Shakespeare's Romances / Martino, Mario Costantino Benedetto. - In: MEMORIA DI SHAKESPEARE. - ISSN 2283-8759. - (2019), pp. 187-191.
Shakespeare's Romances
Martino Mario Costantino
2019
Abstract
This article examines the significance of the last plays in the context of Shakespeare's oeuvre, touching on the character of the fool in Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest. Far from suggesting a retereat into fantasy and magic maintained by past criticism, it is argued that they engage instead in a search for a new form for modernity, implicitly inserted in a debate on the revision of the canonical dramatic forms that had already been going on in sixteenth century Italy. The search for a new dramatic form is also traced to the difficulty both of the definition of the of the plays in the group (a problem further related to that of authorship), and of an agreement on a common label to define their peculiar character: a difference in the canon is highlighted from the Folio (which includes Cymbeline and Timon of Athens, placed in the group of the “Tragedies”, while The Tempest and The Winter’s Tale are placed in the group of the “Comedies”,) and the generally accepted modern canon, which accepts Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest; Complementarily, grouping labels include “Tragicomedies”, “Romances”, “Last comedies”, “Last plays”. The role of the fool in these plays is, on the one side, tailored on the actorial talents of Robert Armin (who substitutes William Kempe); on the other, it signals a distance from the tragic fool (King Lear) in that the satiric target is not the monarch, but rather the popular/bourgeois folk.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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