Spatio-temporal extreme waves in optical fiber systems

We overview recent progress on complex optical rogue wave generation phenomena. Multicomponent deterministic rogue waves are predicted both in the anomalous [1] and normal [2] dispersion regime of birefringent optical fibers. Experiments led to the observation of dark hole polarization rogue waves in a randomly birefringent fiber [3]. The generation of rogue waves in different multicomponent wave systems is associated with the presence of baseband modulation instability [4,5]. Multicomponent rogue waves are also generated by three-wave coupling between an optical pump and a Stokes wave mediated by an acoustic wave [6], and between counter-propagating waves in a nonlinear Bragg grating [7]. Dissipative rogue waves are closely linked with the onset of turbulence in mode-locked [8,9] and Raman fiber lasers [10], and in passive coherently pumped cavities [11]. Hydrodynamic rogue waves also occur in the regime of weak normal dispersion [12-14]. A new frontier for rogue waves studies is provided by multimode fiber systems, where complex spatiotemporal extreme wave phenomena have recently been discovered [15-18]. References [1] F. Baronio et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 044102 (2012) [2] F. Baronio et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 034101 (2014) [3] B. Frisquet et al., Scientific Reports 6, 20785 (2016) [4] F. Baronio et al., Phys. Rev. A 91, 033804 (2015) [5] B. Frisquet et al., Phys. Rev. A 92, 053854 (2015) [6] S. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. A 92, 033847 (2015) [7] A. Degasperis et al., Phys. Lett. A 379, 1067 (2015) [8] S. Wabnitz, Opt. Lett. 39, 1362 (2014) [9] C. Lecaplain et al., Phys. Rev. A 89, 063812 (2014) [10] S. Sugavanam et al., Laser & Photonics Rev. 9, L35 (2015) [11] T. Hansson and S. Wabnitz, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 32, 1259 (2015) [12] S. Wabnitz et al., Phys. Lett. A 377, 932 (2013) [13] S. Wabnitz, J. of Optics 15, 064002 (2013) [14] B. Varlot et al., Optics Letters 38, 3899 (2013) [15] A. Picozzi, et al., Nature Photonics 9, 289 (2015) [16] L.G. Wright et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 223902 (2015) [17] K. Krupa et al., ArXiv 1602.04991 (2016) [18] K. Krupa et al., ArXiv 1603.02972 (2016)