Active distribution grids and EV charging stations: a centralized approach for their integration

The paper proposes real case of application of a smart integration of Electrical Vehicles (EVs) charging stations with Dispersed Generation (DG) that can guarantee the maximum exploitation of the system and its sustainability. The case study is a real distribution grid of e-distribuzione, the main Italian Distribution System Operator (DSO). Different kinds of EVs charging systems and spread scenarios are hypothesized and different Optimal Power Flow (OPF) models, with different objective function, reflecting different needs of DSO, have been implemented and tested. The analysis points out how a centralized management approach of EVs fast charging systems, by the DSO, might guarantee no violation of grid operation limits in the current configuration, postponing or escaping network upgrading actions and costs.