The Italian Parliament has recently approved the Law n. 219/2017 concerning "Rules on informed consent and advance directives". The manuscript points out the main key points of the new law, in order to clarify the role of the advance directives and to provide clear operational guidelines for healthcare personnel. Taking into consideration the Italian deontological and juridical context, along with the main jurisprudential judgements, the law has been analysed. The Authors discussed the new rules and the bioethical issues also in relation to the provisions stated by the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (Convention of Oviedo). The new law deals with relevant issues that were confined to jurisprudential rulings so far, such as the informed consent, the withdrawal/withholding of medical treatment (including artificial nutrition and hydration), the content of medical information, including the modalities, the medical responsibility and, finally, the value of advance directives. In the Authors' opinion this law provides essential rules to expressly strengthen the patients' autonomy, eliminating the juridical uncertainty on many central issues (such us, for example, the refusal of life-sustainment treatments) that have been the subject of contradictory judgments ruled by the Italian Courts. Nevertheless, advance directives should be regarded as a dynamic tools of relationship between physicians and assisted person and, thus, as an essential integrant part of the advance care planning. The education of health professionals and citizens about end of life issues is the basis for the successful implementation of this legislation.
Il Parlamento italiano ha recentemente approvato la legge n. 219 del 22 dicembre 2017 dal titolo “Norme in materia di consenso informato e di disposizioni anticipate di trattamento”. Il lavoro si propone di evidenziare gli aspetti chiave della nuova normativa, esplicitare il ruolo delle direttive anticipate di trattamento e fornire chiare linee operative per il personale sanitario. L’analisi della legge è stata compiuta sulla base del contesto legislativo e deontologico italiano, nonché delle pronunce giurisprudenziali in materia. Gli autori hanno discusso le nuove regole e le principali problematiche etiche anche in relazione alla Convenzione sui Diritti dell’Uomo e la Biomedicina (Convenzione di Oviedo). La nuova legislazione affronta problematiche sinora contante alle sole sentenze giurisprudenziali, come il consenso all’atto medico, il rifiuto/revoca del trattamento medico (compresa la nutrizione e l’idratazione artificiale), il contenuto dell’informazione medica e le modalità della relativa comunicazione, la responsabilità legale del medico e, infine, il valore delle direttive di pianificazione anticipata alle cure. Secondo l’opinione degli autori, questa legge fornisce regole essenziali al fine di tutelare esplicitamente l’autonomia dei pazienti eliminando l’incertezza giuridica su temi centrali (come, per es., rifiuto dei trattamenti salvavita), che negli anni sono stati oggetto di pronunciamenti diversi e contradditori da parte dei tribunali italiani. Tuttavia, le direttive anticipate dovrebbero essere considerate come strumenti dinamici idonei a favorire la relazione tra medici e persone assistite nonché come parte integrante di una preventiva pianificazione condivisa. L’educazione degli operatori della salute e della popolazione sulle problematiche di fine vita rappresenta la base per la corretta attuazione di questa normativa.
New italian law about end of life. Self-determination and shared care pathway / Ciliberti, Rosagemma; Gulino, Matteo; Gorini, Ilaria. - In: RECENTI PROGRESSI IN MEDICINA. - ISSN 0034-1193. - ELETTRONICO. - 109:5(2018), pp. 267-271. [10.1701/2902.29245]
New italian law about end of life. Self-determination and shared care pathway
Gulino, Matteo;
2018
Abstract
The Italian Parliament has recently approved the Law n. 219/2017 concerning "Rules on informed consent and advance directives". The manuscript points out the main key points of the new law, in order to clarify the role of the advance directives and to provide clear operational guidelines for healthcare personnel. Taking into consideration the Italian deontological and juridical context, along with the main jurisprudential judgements, the law has been analysed. The Authors discussed the new rules and the bioethical issues also in relation to the provisions stated by the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (Convention of Oviedo). The new law deals with relevant issues that were confined to jurisprudential rulings so far, such as the informed consent, the withdrawal/withholding of medical treatment (including artificial nutrition and hydration), the content of medical information, including the modalities, the medical responsibility and, finally, the value of advance directives. In the Authors' opinion this law provides essential rules to expressly strengthen the patients' autonomy, eliminating the juridical uncertainty on many central issues (such us, for example, the refusal of life-sustainment treatments) that have been the subject of contradictory judgments ruled by the Italian Courts. Nevertheless, advance directives should be regarded as a dynamic tools of relationship between physicians and assisted person and, thus, as an essential integrant part of the advance care planning. The education of health professionals and citizens about end of life issues is the basis for the successful implementation of this legislation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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