On translational and rotational relative velocities of fibers and fluid in a turbulent channel flow with a backward-facing step

A dilute fiber suspension in a turbulent channel with a backward-facing step is investigated by means of Feature Tracking. Its combination with a phase-discrimination methodology, which is described in detail, allows simultaneous and separate measurement of carrier and dispersed phases velocity fields, the orien- tation and rotation rate of fibers as well as the fiber–fluid translational and rotational slip velocities. The patterns of fibers concentration, angular velocity and the probability distribution of fibers velocity ap- pear to be dominated by the mechanical interactions with the wall and the local high shear rather than by near-wall turbulent structures. The translational slip velocity obtained from instantaneous data shows that fibers move faster than the surrounding fluid inside the buffer layer, the velocity gap reducing grad- ually when approaching the channel centerline. On the other hand, the rotational slip profile suggests a gradual decoupling of the translational and rotational dynamics. Downstream of the step, the excess of streamwise velocity displayed by fibers is still observed and extends in the free-shear region, whereas the rotation rate slip decreases at a relatively short distance from the step, as the effect of the wall presence fades away.