Il Gewissen come luogo della rivelazione tra psicologia, etica e metafisica. Un dibattito agli esordi dell’idealismo tedesco

The essay shows how the meaning of Gewissen changes in German philosophy in the early years of 19 century. Gewissen, once belonging to the field of ethics, for instance in Kant’s philosophy and even in Fichte’s writings of the debate on his atheism, becomes in the philosophy of Carl August Eschenmayer the anthropological place in which God is revealed to the human being. The essay analyzes Eschenmayer’s works, principally Die Philosophie in ihrem Uebergang zur Nichtphilosophie (1803), in which such change is to appreciate, then it shows some roots of this change, in Fichte’s and Reinhold’s textual passages and some critical issues in Schelling and Hegel. Finally the inclusion of Eschenmayer’s idea in the stream inaugurated by Schleiermacher on autonomy of religion is argued, although the proximity with Jacobi is textually founded and even declared by Eschenmayer