Hormonal regulation of tissue plasminogen activator secretion and mRNA levels in rat granulosa cells.

Granulosa cells from immature rats produce tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in response to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH) both in vitro and in vivo. We have used the in vitro system to investigate the level at which the hormonal induction of tPA is regulated. Within 12 h following FSH addition, a dramatic but transient increase in tPA secretion occurs for by 24 h secretion returns to basal levels. This pattern of enzyme induction is similar with LH, but the onset of the increase is delayed. When steady-state tPA mRNA levels are examined after hormone treatment, the results mirror those obtained if one measures enzyme activity; a large increase in tPA mRNA followed by a decrease to basal levels is observed with both hormones, and the lag in induction by LH is also apparent. These results demonstrate that the regulation of tPA activity by gonadotropins occurs at the level of the steady-state concentration of the mRNA. In the presence of cycloheximide, the induction of tPA mRNA by FSH or LH is not greatly affected, indicating that this phase of the response to gonadotropins does not require the synthesis of new protein. However, the decrease in tPA mRNA levels observed 24 h after FSH treatment is affected by cycloheximide, in that the drug delays the reduction in mRNA levels seen with hormone alone.